Appearance
Unit 107 — Comparative 3 (as ... as / than)
A. as ... as / not as ... as
1. 基本比较
Study this example situation:
Sarah, Joe and David are all very rich.
- Sarah has $20 million.
- Joe has $15 million.
- David has $10 million.
So:
Joe is rich.
He is richer than David.
But he isn’t as rich as Sarah. (= Sarah is richer than he is.)
1. not as ... as
基本结构：
not as + adjective/adverb + as
表示：
不如……那么……
例如：
Jack isn’t as old as he looks. (= he looks older than he is) （Jack 没有看起来那么老。）
The town centre wasn’t as crowded as usual. (= it is usually more crowded) （市中心没有平时那么拥挤。）
Lisa didn’t do as well in the exam as she had hoped. (= she had hoped to do better) （Lisa 考试考得没有她希望的那么好。）
The weather is better today. It’s not as cold. (= yesterday was colder than today) （今天天气好一些，没有昨天那么冷。）
I don’t know as many people as you do. (= you know more people than me) （我认识的人没有你那么多。）
‘How much was it? Fifty dollars?’ ‘No, not as much as that.’ (= less than fifty dollars) （“多少钱？50 美元吗？”“不，没有那么多。”）
2. not so ... as
也可以使用：
not so + adjective/adverb + as
它和：
not as ... as
意思基本相同。
例如：
- It’s not warm, but it’s not so cold as yesterday. (= it’s not as cold as yesterday) （天气不暖和，但没有昨天那么冷。）
不过在现代英语中：
not as ... as
通常更加常见。
3. less than 和 not as ... as
less than 和 not as ... as 的意思相似。
例如：
I spent less money than you. (= I didn’t spend as much money as you) （我花的钱比你少。）
The city centre was less crowded than usual. (= it wasn’t as crowded as usual) （市中心没有平时那么拥挤。）
I play tennis less than I used to. (= I don’t play as much as I used to) （我打网球没有以前那么多了。）
所以：
less ... than ...
≈
not as ... as ...
4. B. as ... as 用于肯定句和疑问句
我们也可以在肯定句和疑问句中使用：
as ... as
注意：
✅ as ... as
❌ so ... as
肯定句通常不用 so ... as。
5. as + adjective/adverb + as
基本结构：
as + adjective/adverb + as
表示：
和……一样……
例如：
I’m sorry I’m late. I got here as fast as I could. （抱歉我迟到了。我已经尽可能快地赶到这里了。）
There’s plenty of food. You can have as much as you want. （食物很多，你想吃多少就吃多少。）
Can you send me the information as soon as possible, please? （请你尽快把信息发给我好吗？）
Let’s walk. It’s just as quick as taking the bus. （我们走路吧。走路和坐公交车一样快。）
6. as ... as possible
一个非常常用的结构：
as + adjective/adverb + as possible
表示：
尽可能……
例如：
as soon as possible 尽快
as quickly as possible 尽可能快地
as early as possible 尽可能早
as carefully as possible 尽可能仔细地
as much as possible 尽可能多
例如：
Please come as soon as possible.
请尽快过来。
7. as ... as I can / could
还可以使用：
as + adjective/adverb + as + 主语 + can/could
例如：
I’ll finish it as quickly as I can.
我会尽可能快地完成它。
I ran as fast as I could.
我尽可能快地跑了。
所以：
as soon as possible
≈
as soon as you can
都可以表示：
尽快
8. twice as ... as / three times as ... as
可以在 as ... as 前加入倍数。
基本结构：
倍数 + as + adjective/adverb + as
例如：
twice as ... as
是……的两倍
three times as ... as
是……的三倍
例句
Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago. （汽油价格是几年前的两倍。）
Their house is about three times as big as ours. （他们的房子大约是我们房子的三倍大。）
也可以说：
Their house is about three times the size of ours.
他们的房子大约是我们房子的三倍大。
9. C. the same as
我们说：
the same as
而不是：
❌ the same like
基本结构：
the same + noun + as
或者：
the same as
10. the same as
例如：
- Laura’s salary is the same as mine. （Laura 的工资和我的一样。）
也可以说：
- Laura gets the same salary as me. （Laura 的工资和我的一样。）
the same + noun + as
例如：
- David is the same age as James. （David 和 James 年龄一样。）
结构：
the same age as
同样的年龄
类似的表达：
the same size as 和……一样大
the same colour as 和……颜色一样
the same price as 和……价格一样
the same height as 和……一样高
例句
- Sarah hasn’t changed. She still looks the same as she did ten years ago. （Sarah 没什么变化。她看起来仍然和十年前一样。）
11. D. than me / than I am etc.
比较级后面经常使用：
than + object pronoun
例如：
than me
than him
than her
than us
than them
12. than me / than I am
两种结构都可以：
You’re taller than me.
或者：
You’re taller than I am.
意思都是：
你比我高。
注意，通常不说：
❌ You’re taller than I.
如果使用 I，通常要把后面的动词补出来：
✅ You’re taller than I am.
13. than her / than she is
例如：
He’s not as clever as her.
或者：
He’s not as clever as she is.
意思：
他没有她那么聪明。
14. than us / than we have
例如：
They have more money than us.
或者：
They have more money than we have.
意思：
他们的钱比我们多。
15. as him / as he can
例如：
I can’t run as fast as him.
或者：
I can’t run as fast as he can.
意思：
我跑得没有他快。
16. 代词结构总结
口语中经常使用：
than me
than him
than her
than us
than them
以及：
as me
as him
as her
as us
as them
如果使用主格代词，则通常需要补充动词：
than I am
than he is
than she is
than we are
than they are
或者根据原句使用：
than I do
than she does
than we have
as he can
17. as ... as 和 than 的核心区别
两者一样
使用：
as + adjective/adverb + as
例如：
Tom is as tall as Jack.
Tom 和 Jack 一样高。
A 比 B 更……
使用：
comparative + than
例如：
Tom is taller than Jack.
Tom 比 Jack 高。
A 不如 B……
使用：
not as + adjective/adverb + as
例如：
Tom is not as tall as Jack.
Tom 没有 Jack 高。
这句话也意味着：
Jack is taller than Tom.
Jack 比 Tom 高。
18. 三种比较关系
假设：
Tom = 180 cm Jack = 180 cm David = 170 cm
那么：
Tom 和 Jack 一样高
Tom is as tall as Jack.
Tom 比 David 高
Tom is taller than David.
David 没有 Tom 高
David is not as tall as Tom.
也可以表达为：
David is shorter than Tom.
19. much / many 与 as ... as
如果比较数量，可以使用：
as much as
用于不可数名词或数量。
例如：
I don’t have as much money as you.
我的钱没有你那么多。
使用：
as many + plural noun + as
比较可数名词数量。
例如：
I don’t know as many people as you do.
我认识的人没有你那么多。
所以：
as much + uncountable noun + as
as many + plural noun + as
对比
I have as much time as you.
我的时间和你一样多。
I have as many books as you.
我的书和你一样多。
20. Unit 107 核心结构汇总
| 结构 | 含义 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| as + adj./adv. + as | 和……一样…… | as tall as |
| not as + adj./adv. + as | 不如……那么…… | not as tall as |
| not so + adj./adv. + as | 不如……那么…… | not so cold as |
| comparative + than | 比……更…… | taller than |
| less ... than | 比……少/不那么…… | less crowded than |
| as much as | 和……一样多 | as much money as |
| as many ... as | 和……一样多 | as many people as |
| as ... as possible | 尽可能…… | as soon as possible |
| as ... as I can | 尽我所能…… | as fast as I can |
| twice as ... as | 是……的两倍 | twice as expensive as |
| three times as ... as | 是……的三倍 | three times as big as |
| the same as | 和……一样 | the same as mine |
| the same + noun + as | 相同的…… | the same age as |
| than me | 比我…… | taller than me |
| than I am | 比我…… | taller than I am |
21. 最终思维模型
Unit 107 最重要的是建立 三种比较关系。
第一种：A = B
两者一样：
A + be + as + adjective + as + B
例如：
My car is as fast as yours.
我的车和你的一样快。
核心：
as ... as = 一样……
第二种：A > B
A 比 B 更……
A + be + comparative + than + B
例如：
My car is faster than yours.
我的车比你的快。
核心：
comparative + than = 比……更……
第三种：A < B
A 不如 B……
A + be + not as + adjective + as + B
例如：
My car is not as fast as yours.
我的车没有你的快。
它实际上等于：
Your car is faster than mine.
因此可以把整个比较系统记成：
A = B → as ... as
A > B → comparative + than
A < B → not as ... as
再加上几个非常重要的扩展：
数量一样
as much as 不可数
as many ... as 可数复数
尽可能……
as ... as possible
例如：
as soon as possible
尽快。
倍数比较
twice as ... as
两倍……
three times as ... as
三倍……
相同
the same as
和……一样。
注意：
✅ the same as
❌ the same like
最后把 Unit 105–107 连起来，可以形成完整的比较级思维：
tall → taller → taller than
比……高
much taller than
比……高得多
a little taller than
比……稍微高一点
as tall as
和……一样高
not as tall as
没有……那么高
twice as tall as
是……的两倍高
这就是 比较级 + 程度 + as ... as / than 的完整基础框架。