Appearance
Unit 121 — at,on,in (time)
A. Compare at, on and in
比较 at、on 和 in:
- They arrived at 5 o’clock.
- They arrived on Friday.
- They arrived in June. / They arrived in 2012.
1. at — 用于具体时间点
We use at for the time of day:
at + 具体时间点
例如:
- at five o’clock
- at 11.45
- at midnight
- at lunchtime
- at sunset
- etc.
例句
They arrived at 5 o’clock.
他们 5 点钟到了。
2. on — 用于星期和日期
We use on for days and dates:
on + 星期 / 日期 / 某一天
例如:
- on Friday
- on Fridays
- on 16 May 2012
- on New Year’s Day
- on my birthday
例句
They arrived on Friday.
他们星期五到了。
3. in — 用于较长的时间段
We use in for longer periods (months / years / seasons etc.):
in + 月份 / 年份 / 年代 / 世纪 / 季节等
例如:
- in June
- in 2012
- in the 1990s
- in the 20th century
- in the past
- in winter
例句
They arrived in June.
他们在六月到了。
They arrived in 2012.
他们在 2012 年到了。
4. at / on / in 的核心时间层级
可以简单理解为:
at → 时间点
on → 某一天
in → 较长时间段
例如:
| 范围 | 介词 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| 时间点 | at | at 8 o’clock |
| 某一天 | on | on Monday |
| 月份 | in | in May |
| 年份 | in | in 2026 |
| 季节 | in | in summer |
| 世纪 | in | in the 21st century |
5. B. 固定时间表达
6. at the moment / at the minute / at present / at this time
这些都可以表示:
现在 / 此刻
例如:
Can we talk later? I’m busy at the moment.
我们可以晚点再聊吗?我现在很忙。
常见表达:
- at the moment
- at the minute
- at present
- at this time
都可以理解为:
now
7. at the same time
at the same time 同时 / 在同一时间
例如:
Kate and I arrived at the same time.
Kate 和我同时到了。
8. at the weekend / at weekends
英式英语中通常说:
- at the weekend
- at weekends
美式英语通常说:
- on the weekend
- on weekends
例如:
Will you be here at the weekend?
你周末会在这里吗?
也可以说:
Will you be here on the weekend?
这是常见的美式英语表达。
9. at Christmas
我们说:
at Christmas
表示:
在圣诞节期间
例如:
Do you give each other presents at Christmas?
你们圣诞节期间会互相送礼物吗?
但是具体说:
on Christmas Day
因为 Christmas Day 是具体的一天。
所以:
at Christmas 圣诞节期间
但:
on Christmas Day 圣诞节当天
10. at night vs in the night
这是一个需要特别记忆的区别。
at night
表示:
通常意义上的夜间 / 在晚上
例如:
I don’t like working at night.
我不喜欢晚上工作。
这里不是指某一个特定的夜晚,而是泛指晚上。
in the night
表示:
在某一个特定夜晚期间
例如:
I was woken up by a noise in the night.
我夜里被一个声音吵醒了。
这里说的是某一个具体的晚上。
所以:
at night = during nights in general
而:
in the night = during a particular night
11. C. morning / afternoon / evening
12. 泛指早上、下午、晚上
We say:
- in the morning(s)
- in the afternoon(s)
- in the evening(s)
例如:
I’ll see you in the morning.
我早上见你。
Do you work in the evenings?
你通常晚上工作吗?
13. 具体到某一天 → 使用 on
如果 morning / afternoon / evening 前面有具体的星期,则使用:
on + 星期 + morning / afternoon / evening
例如:
- on Friday morning
- on Friday mornings
- on Sunday afternoon
- on Sunday afternoons
- on Monday evening
- on Monday evenings
例句
I’ll see you on Friday morning.
我星期五早上见你。
Do you work on Saturday evenings?
你星期六晚上工作吗?
14. 对比
泛指:
in the morning
具体某一天:
on Friday morning
泛指:
in the afternoon
具体某一天:
on Sunday afternoon
泛指:
in the evening
具体某一天:
on Monday evening
15. D. last / next / this / every 前面不用介词
We do not use at/on/in before:
- last
- next
- this
- every
16. next
正确:
I’ll see you next Friday.
我下星期五见你。
不是:
❌ I’ll see you on next Friday.
17. last
正确:
They got married last June.
他们去年六月结婚了。
不是:
❌ They got married in last June.
18. this
例如:
I’m busy this morning.
我今天早上很忙。
不是:
❌ in this morning
19. every
例如:
I go there every Monday.
我每个星期一都去那里。
不是:
❌ on every Monday
20. 核心规则
只要时间表达前面出现:
last / next / this / every
通常直接使用时间表达:
不加 at / on / in
例如:
- last night
- last week
- last year
- next Monday
- next month
- next year
- this morning
- this afternoon
- this evening
- every day
- every Monday
- every morning
21. 星期前面的 on 有时可以省略
We often leave out on before days.
所以:
I’ll see you on Friday.
也可以说:
I’ll see you Friday.
两种都可以。
同样:
I don’t work on Monday mornings.
也可以说:
I don’t work Monday mornings.
22. E. in + 一段时间
23. in a few minutes / in six months
我们可以使用:
in + 一段时间
表示:
从现在起……之后
例句 1
The train will be leaving in a few minutes.
火车几分钟后就要开了。
也就是:
a few minutes from now
例句 2
Andy has gone away. He’ll be back in a week.
Andy 出去了。他一周后回来。
也就是:
a week from now
例句 3
They’ll be here in a moment.
他们马上就到。
也就是:
a moment from now, very soon
24. in + 时间:表示“多久以后”
这是非常常见的结构:
in + 时间长度
例如:
in five minutes 五分钟后
in an hour 一小时后
in two days 两天后
in a week 一周后
in three months 三个月后
in a year 一年后
例如:
I’ll call you in ten minutes.
我十分钟后给你打电话。
25. in + 时间:表示“花多长时间完成”
We also use in ... to say how long it takes to do something.
例如:
I learnt to drive in four weeks.
我用了四周时间学会了开车。
意思是:
it took me four weeks to learn
我花了四周时间学会。
两种 in + 时间要区分
① 从现在开始多久以后
I’ll finish it in two hours.
我两小时后会完成。
强调:
two hours from now
② 花了多长时间完成
I finished it in two hours.
我用了两个小时完成它。
强调:
it took me two hours
26. at / on / in 快速判断
看到一个时间表达,可以按照下面顺序判断:
① 是具体几点钟吗?
使用:
at
例如:
at 8:00 at noon at midnight at lunchtime at sunset
② 是具体哪一天吗?
使用:
on
例如:
on Monday on Friday morning on 10 September on my birthday on Christmas Day
③ 是月份、年份、季节或更大的时间范围吗?
使用:
in
例如:
in September in 2026 in summer in the 1990s in the 21st century
27. 最终思维模型
把时间想象成从“小”到“大”:
at → 点
on → 天
in → 时间段
例如:
at 8 o’clock
↓
on Monday
↓
in September
↓
in 2026
28. 最核心公式
at + 时间点
- at 8 o’clock
- at noon
- at midnight
- at lunchtime
- at sunset
- at night
on + 天 / 日期
- on Monday
- on 16 May
- on Friday morning
- on my birthday
- on Christmas Day
in + 较长时间段
- in May
- in 2026
- in summer
- in the 1990s
- in the morning
- in the afternoon
- in the evening
last / next / this / every + 时间
前面:
不使用 at / on / in
例如:
- next Friday
- last June
- this morning
- every Monday
in + 一段时间
可以表示:
……以后
例如:
I’ll come back in a week.
我一周后回来。
也可以表示:
用了……时间完成
例如:
I finished the work in two hours.
我用了两个小时完成这项工作。