Appearance
Unit 119 — during , for , while
A. during
1. during 的基本含义
during = at a time between the start and end of something
during 表示：
在某件事情开始和结束之间的某个时间
也就是：
在……期间 / 在……过程中
例句
I fell asleep during the movie. (= at a time between the start and end of the movie)
我在看电影期间睡着了。
这里强调：
电影开始 → 我在中间某个时间睡着 → 电影结束
We met some really nice people during our holiday.
我们在度假期间遇到了一些非常友好的人。
The ground is wet. It must have rained during the night.
地面是湿的。晚上一定下过雨。
1. during + 时间名词
对于一些表示时间的词：
the morning
the night
the summer
等等，我们通常既可以使用：
in
也可以使用：
during
例如：
It rained in the night.
或者：
It rained during the night.
夜里下雨了。
It’s lovely here during the summer.
或者：
It’s lovely here in the summer.
这里夏天很美。
2. during 的核心结构
during + noun
例如：
during the movie
during our holiday
during the night
during the summer
核心：
during 后面直接跟名词
3. B. for and during
这是本单元最重要的区别之一。
4. for = 持续多长时间
We use for (+ a period of time) to say how long something goes on.
我们使用：
for + 一段时间
表示：
某件事情持续了多长时间
例句
We watched TV for two hours last night.
昨天晚上我们看了两个小时电视。
这里回答：
How long?
多长时间？
答案：
For two hours.
Jess is going away for a week in September.
Jess 九月份要离开一个星期。
How are you? I haven’t seen you for ages.
你好吗？我已经很久没见你了。
Are you going away for the weekend?
你这个周末要出去度假吗？
5. 不用 during 表示“持续多久”
We do not use during to say how long something goes on.
不能使用：
during + 一段持续时间
来表达：
持续多久
例如：
❌ during two hours
❌ during five years
❌ during three days
这些通常都是错误的。
正确：
It rained for three days without stopping.
雨连续下了三天。
不能说：
❌ It rained during three days.
6. during = when；for = how long
这是区分 during 和 for 最简单的方法。
during 回答
When?
什么时候？
例如：
‘When did you fall asleep?’
你什么时候睡着的？
‘During the movie.’
看电影期间。
for 回答
How long?
多长时间？
例如：
‘How long were you asleep?’
你睡了多久？
‘For half an hour.’
半个小时。
7. during 和 for 的核心区别
during
强调：
WHEN?
某件事情在什么时候发生
结构：
during + 事件 / 时间段名称
例如：
during the movie
during the meeting
during the holiday
during the night
for
强调：
HOW LONG?
某件事情持续多长时间
结构：
for + 一段时间
例如：
for two hours
for three days
for a week
for five years
8. C. during and while
这是另一个非常重要的区别。
9. during + noun
We use:
during + noun
例如：
I fell asleep during the movie.
我在电影期间睡着了。
这里：
the movie = noun
所以：
during + noun
We met a lot of interesting people during our holiday.
我们在度假期间遇到了很多有趣的人。
Robert suddenly began to feel ill during the exam.
Robert 在考试期间突然开始感觉不舒服。
10. while + subject + verb
We use:
while + subject + verb
也就是：
while + 主语 + 动词
例如：
I fell asleep while I was watching TV.
我在看电视的时候睡着了。
这里：
I = subject
was watching = verb
所以：
while + S + V
We met a lot of interesting people while we were on holiday.
我们在度假的时候遇到了很多有趣的人。
Robert suddenly began to feel ill while he was doing the exam.
Robert 在考试的时候突然感觉不舒服。
11. during 和 while 的结构对比
这是本单元最重要的公式：
during + noun
但是：
while + subject + verb
第一组
I fell asleep during the movie.
我在电影期间睡着了。
结构：
during + the movie
I fell asleep while I was watching TV.
我看电视的时候睡着了。
结构：
while + I was watching
第二组
We met a lot of interesting people during our holiday.
我们度假期间遇到了很多有趣的人。
We met a lot of interesting people while we were on holiday.
我们度假的时候遇到了很多有趣的人。
第三组
Robert suddenly began to feel ill during the exam.
Robert 考试期间突然感觉不舒服。
Robert suddenly began to feel ill while he was doing the exam.
Robert 正在考试的时候突然感觉不舒服。
12. 更多 while 的例子
We saw Clare while we were waiting for the bus.
我们等公交车的时候看到了 Clare。
While you were out, there was a phone call for you.
你出去的时候，有人打电话找你。
Alex read a book while Amy watched TV.
Amy 看电视的时候，Alex 在看书。
也可以理解为：
Alex 看书和 Amy 看电视同时发生。
13. while 强调两个动作同时发生
while 经常表示：
当……的时候 / 在……期间
尤其适合描述：
两个动作同时进行
例如：
I listened to English while I was driving to work.
我开车上班的时候听英语。
两个动作：
I was driving to work.
我正在开车上班。
同时：
I listened to English.
我听英语。
再例如：
I drink coffee while I’m working.
我工作的时候喝咖啡。
I listen to podcasts while I’m walking.
我走路的时候听播客。
14. 谈论未来时：while 后面不用 will
When we are talking about the future, we use the present tense after while.
当我们谈论未来时：
while 后面使用一般现在时
通常不要使用：
will
例如：
I’m going to Moscow next week. I hope the weather will be good while I’m there.
我下周要去莫斯科。我希望我在那里期间天气会很好。
正确：
while I’m there
不说：
❌ while I will be there
再例如：
What are you going to do while you’re waiting?
你等待的时候打算做什么？
正确：
while you’re waiting
不说：
❌ while you’ll be waiting
15. 为什么未来时间 while 后不用 will？
英语中的时间从句通常使用：
现在时表达未来
例如：
while
when
before
after
until
等。
例如：
I’ll call you when I arrive.
我到了以后给你打电话。
不是：
❌ when I will arrive
同样：
I’ll listen to music while I’m driving.
我开车的时候会听音乐。
不是：
❌ while I will be driving
16. during / for / while 三者对比
during
核心问题：
When?
什么时候发生？
结构：
during + noun
例如：
during the movie
during the meeting
during the holiday
during the night
for
核心问题：
How long?
持续多久？
结构：
for + period of time
例如：
for two hours
for three days
for a week
for ten years
while
核心意思：
当……的时候 / 与此同时
结构：
while + subject + verb
例如：
while I was driving
while we were waiting
while Amy watched TV
while I’m working
17. 三个词放在同一个场景中理解
假设你昨天看了一场两个小时的电影。
during
I fell asleep during the movie.
我在电影期间睡着了。
回答：
When did you fall asleep?
for
I slept for twenty minutes.
我睡了20 分钟。
回答：
How long did you sleep?
while
I fell asleep while I was watching the movie.
我看电影的时候睡着了。
后面是：
I + was watching
所以使用：
while
18. 用工作场景理解
during
My phone rang during the meeting.
会议期间我的手机响了。
这里：
meeting = noun
所以：
during the meeting
while
My phone rang while I was having a meeting.
我正在开会的时候，手机响了。
这里：
I = subject
was having = verb
所以：
while I was having a meeting
for
The meeting lasted for two hours.
会议持续了两个小时。
这里：
two hours = 持续时间
所以：
for two hours
19. 用你的通勤场景理解
I listen to English podcasts during my commute.
我通勤期间听英语播客。
这里：
my commute = noun
所以使用：
during
也可以说：
I listen to English podcasts while I’m driving to work.
我开车上班的时候听英语播客。
这里：
I + am driving
所以使用：
while
如果说持续时间：
I usually listen to English for twenty minutes.
我通常听20 分钟英语。
这里回答：
How long?
所以使用：
for
20. 常见错误
错误 1
❌ during two hours
正确：
for two hours
因为：
two hours = 持续多久
错误 2
❌ during I was working
正确：
while I was working
因为后面是：
subject + verb
错误 3
❌ while the meeting
正确：
during the meeting
因为：
the meeting = noun
或者改成完整句子：
while we were having the meeting
错误 4
❌ while I will be there
正确：
while I’m there
因为谈论未来时：
while + present tense
21. during 和 while 的快速替换
很多时候，同一个意思可以通过改变后面的结构进行转换。
例如：
during the movie
↓
while I was watching the movie
during the meeting
↓
while we were having the meeting
during our holiday
↓
while we were on holiday
during the exam
↓
while he was doing the exam
所以可以记住：
during + 事情的名字
while + 谁正在做什么
22. 最终思维模型
看到 during / for / while 时，先问自己三个问题。
问题 1：我是在说“什么时候发生”吗？
如果是：
When?
使用：
during + noun
例如：
during the movie
during the meeting
during the holiday
问题 2：我是在说“持续多久”吗？
如果是：
How long?
使用：
for + 一段时间
例如：
for two hours
for three days
for a week
问题 3：后面是不是“主语 + 动词”？
如果是：
subject + verb
使用：
while + subject + verb
例如：
while I was driving
while we were waiting
while Amy watched TV
23. 最核心公式
during + noun 在……期间
例如：
during the movie
for + period of time 持续……
例如：
for two hours
while + subject + verb 当……的时候
例如：
while I was watching TV
24. 一句话记住 Unit 119
during = 什么时候（When?）
for = 多久（How long?）
while = 当……的时候 + 主语 + 动词
最简单的结构判断：
during + 名词
for + 一段时间
while + 句子
例如：
I fell asleep during the movie.
I slept for half an hour.
I fell asleep while I was watching the movie.
这三个句子基本就能概括 Unit 119 的核心语法。