Appearance
Unit 117 — like and as
A. like = similar to, the same as
like = similar to / the same as
也就是：
like = 像…… / 和……相似
例句
What a beautiful house! It’s like a palace. (not as a palace)
多漂亮的房子啊！它像一座宫殿。
Be careful! The floor has been polished. It’s like walking on ice. (not as walking)
小心！地板刚刚打过蜡。走在上面就像走在冰上一样。
It’s raining again. I hate weather like this. (not as this)
又下雨了。我讨厌这样的天气。
‘What’s that noise?’ ‘It sounds like a baby crying.’ (not as a baby crying)
“那是什么声音？”
“听起来像婴儿在哭。”
1. like 是介词
In these examples, like is a preposition.
所以，like 后面可以接：
noun（名词）
pronoun（代词）
-ing
结构：
like + noun
例如：
like a palace
像一座宫殿。
like + pronoun
例如：
like this
像这样。
like + -ing
例如：
like walking
像走路一样。
结构总结
like + noun / pronoun / -ing
例如：
She looks like her mother.
她看起来像她妈妈。
Don’t do it like this.
不要像这样做。
It feels like walking on ice.
感觉就像走在冰上一样。
2. like = for example
Sometimes like = for example.
有时候 like 还可以表示：
例如 / 比如
也可以使用：
such as
例如：
I enjoy water sports, like surfing, scuba diving and water-skiing.
我喜欢水上运动，比如冲浪、水肺潜水和滑水。
也可以说：
I enjoy water sports, such as surfing, scuba diving and water-skiing.
like / such as
这里：
like = such as = for example
例如：
I like outdoor activities like hiking and cycling.
我喜欢户外活动，比如徒步和骑自行车。
3. B. as = in the same way as, in the same condition as
as = in the same way as / in the same condition as
也就是：
as = 按照……的方式 / 像……那样 / 保持……的状态
4. as + subject + verb
We use as with:
subject (S) + verb (V)
结构：
as + S + V
例如：
as it was
其中：
it = subject was = verb
as I showed
其中：
I = subject showed = verb
例句
I didn’t move anything. I left everything as it was.
我什么都没动。我让一切保持原样。
这里：
as it was = in the same condition as it was before
You should have done it as I showed you.
你本应该按照我给你演示的方式去做。
这里：
as I showed you = in the same way as I showed you
5. like + subject + verb
在这种情况下，也可以使用 like + subject + verb：
I left everything like it was.
我让一切保持原样。
这种用法尤其常见于非正式英语。
6. 比较 as 和 like
Compare as and like.
可以说：
You should have done it as I showed you.
也可以说：
You should have done it like I showed you.
意思都是：
你应该按照我演示给你的方式做。
但是：
You should have done it like this.
你应该像这样做。
不能说：
❌ You should have done it as this.
原因是：
this 是代词，不是 subject + verb
所以这里使用：
like this
7. 一个非常实用的判断方法
如果后面直接是：
名词 / 代词 / -ing
通常使用：
like
例如：
like a palace like this like walking on ice
如果后面是：
subject + verb
通常可以使用：
as
例如：
as I showed you as it was as she expected
可以简单记成：
like + 东西
as + 句子
这是区分两者非常实用的基础规则。
8. as usual / as always
我们说：
as usual = 像往常一样 / 和平常一样
例如：
You’re late as usual.
你像往常一样迟到了。
我们还说：
as always = 一如既往 / 和往常一样
例如：
As always, Nick was the first to complain.
和往常一样，Nick 是第一个抱怨的人。
常用表达
as usual 像往常一样
as always 一如既往
9. the same as
我们说：
the same as
而不是：
❌ the same like
例如：
Your phone is the same as mine. (not the same like)
你的手机和我的一样。
结构
A + be + the same as + B
例如：
My car is the same as yours.
我的车和你的一样。
10. C. as 的其他用法
Sometimes as (+ subject + verb) has other meanings.
11. do as ...
在 do 后面，as 可以表示：
按照……做 / 做……所说的事情
例如：
You can do as you like. (= do what you like)
你可以做你喜欢做的事情 / 随你喜欢。
They did as they promised. (= They did what they promised.)
他们按照承诺的那样做了。
也就是：
他们履行了承诺。
结构
do as + subject + verb
例如：
Do as I say.
照我说的做。
Do as I showed you.
按照我演示给你的方式做。
12. 常见的 as + 句子表达
We also say:
as you know
as I said
as she expected
as I thought
等等。
as you know
As you know, it’s Emma’s birthday next week. (= you know this already)
正如你所知道的，下周是 Emma 的生日。
更自然地翻译：
你也知道，下周是 Emma 的生日。
as she expected
Andy failed his driving test, as he expected. (= he expected this before)
Andy 驾照考试没通过，正如他之前预料的那样。
as I thought
It was difficult, as I thought.
果然和我想的一样，很难。
as I said
As I said, we need more time.
正如我刚才说的，我们需要更多时间。
13. like I said
通常这些表达中不使用 like，但是：
like I said
是一个常见例外。
例如：
As I said yesterday, I’m sure we can solve the problem.
或者：
Like I said yesterday, I’m sure we can solve the problem.
正如我昨天说的，我相信我们能解决这个问题。
在口语中：
Like I said ...
非常常见。
例如：
Like I said, I’m busy today.
就像我刚才说的，我今天很忙。
14. D. as 也可以作为介词
As can also be a preposition:
as + noun
但是，这时候 as 和 like 的意思完全不同。
这是本单元最重要的区别之一。
15. as + noun 和 like + noun
比较：
As a taxi driver, I spend most of my working life in a car.
作为一名出租车司机，我的大部分工作时间都在车里度过。
这里：
I am a taxi driver.
我真的就是出租车司机。
所以：
as = 作为 / 身份是
再看：
Everyone in the family wants me to drive them to places. I’m like a taxi driver.
家里的每个人都想让我开车送他们去各种地方。我就像一个出租车司机一样。
但是：
I’m not a taxi driver.
我实际上不是出租车司机。
只是：
I’m similar to one.
我的行为很像出租车司机。
16. as 和 like 的核心区别
这是非常重要的：
as = 实际身份
As a taxi driver, I drive every day.
作为出租车司机，我每天都开车。
意思：
I am a taxi driver.
like = 相似
I drive my family everywhere. I’m like a taxi driver.
我到处开车接送家人，我就像出租车司机一样。
意思：
I’m not a taxi driver.
但是：
I’m similar to a taxi driver.
可以记成：
as = 是
like = 像
17. as = in the position of / in the form of
当 as 是介词时，它可以表示：
in the position of
作为某种身份
或者：
in the form of
以某种形式
工作 / 身份
Many years ago I worked as a photographer.
很多年前，我做过摄影师。
这里：
I was a photographer.
形式 / 用途
Many words, for example ‘work’ and ‘rain’, can be used as verbs or nouns.
很多单词，例如 work 和 rain，既可以用作动词，也可以用作名词。
这里：
as verbs = 作为动词使用
as nouns = 作为名词使用
评价某个东西的某种用途
London is fine as a place to visit, but I wouldn’t like to live there.
伦敦作为一个旅游的地方很不错，但我不想住在那里。
身份 / 形式
The news of the tragedy came as a great shock.
这个悲剧的消息传来时，给人们带来了巨大的震惊。
也可以理解为：
这个消息如同一个巨大的打击传来。
18. like 和 as 的核心结构
like
结构 1
like + noun
例如：
like a palace
像宫殿一样。
结构 2
like + pronoun
例如：
like this
像这样。
结构 3
like + -ing
例如：
like walking on ice
像走在冰上一样。
核心意思
similar to
像……
19. as
结构 1
as + subject + verb
例如：
as I showed you
按照我给你演示的那样。
as it was
保持原来的样子。
结构 2
as + noun
表示：
作为某种身份 / 用作某种用途
例如：
as a photographer
作为摄影师。
as a verb
作为动词。
20. 最容易混淆的四组
① like this vs as I showed you
Do it like this.
像这样做。
因为：
this = pronoun
所以使用：
like
Do it as I showed you.
按照我给你演示的方式做。
因为：
I + showed = subject + verb
所以使用：
as
21. ② like a teacher vs as a teacher
He talks like a teacher.
他说话像老师一样。
可能：
He is not a teacher.
He works as a teacher.
他是一名老师 / 他的工作是老师。
这里：
He is a teacher.
22. ③ the same as
正确：
My phone is the same as yours.
我的手机和你的一样。
错误：
❌ My phone is the same like yours.
记住固定搭配：
the same as
23. ④ as usual
He arrived late as usual.
他像往常一样迟到了。
固定表达：
as usual
不是：
❌ like usual
24. 用你的日常场景理解
软件工程师
I work as a software engineer.
我是软件工程师。
这里：
as = 实际身份
Sometimes I feel like a designer when I work on CAD software.
有时候开发 CAD 软件时，我感觉自己像个设计师。
这里：
like = 像，但实际上不一定是
开车
I drive my family everywhere. Sometimes I feel like a taxi driver.
我经常开车送家人去各种地方。有时候感觉自己像出租车司机一样。
工作操作
You should use the software as I showed you.
你应该按照我给你演示的方式使用这个软件。
展示操作
Click the button like this.
像这样点击这个按钮。
25. 最终思维模型
看到 like / as 时，先问：
后面是什么？
like + 名词 / 代词 / -ing
like + noun / pronoun / -ing
意思通常是：
像……
例如：
like a palace like this like walking on ice
核心：
similar to
as + 主语 + 动词
as + S + V
意思通常是：
按照……那样 / 正如……
例如：
as I showed you as you know as I said as she expected
as + 名词
如果表示身份或用途：
as + noun
意思：
作为……
例如：
as a software engineer as a photographer as a verb
核心：
真实身份 / 实际用途
26. 一句话记住 like 和 as
like = 像
as = 作为 / 按照……那样
例如：
He works as a driver.
他就是司机。
而：
He drives like a professional driver.
他开车像专业司机一样。
最核心公式
like + noun / pronoun / -ing = 像……
as + subject + verb = 按照……那样 / 正如……
as + noun = 作为…… / 身份是……
the same as = 和……一样
as usual = 像往常一样
as always = 一如既往
最终判断
如果你想表达：
“他就是……”
使用：
as
例如：
He works as a teacher.
他就是老师。
如果你想表达：
“他像……”
使用：
like
例如：
He talks like a teacher.
他说话像老师。
所以最简单的中文判断法就是：
as → 是 / 作为
like → 像